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qoolqit.embedding

embedding

Collection of graph and matrix embedding algorithms.

Modules:

  • algorithms –
  • base_embedder –
  • graph_embedder –
  • matrix_embedder –

Classes:

BaseEmbedder

BaseEmbedder(algorithm: Callable, config: ConfigType)

Abstract base class for all embedders.

An embedder is a function that maps a InDataType to an OutDataType through an embedding algorithm. Parameters of the embedding algorithm can be customized through the EmbedderConfig.

An algorithm should be a standalone function that takes a piece of data of an InDataType and maps it to an OutDataType. Any extra configuration parameters taken as input by the algorithm function should be defined in the config dataclass, inheriting from EmbedderConfig.

Parameters:

  • algorithm (Callable) –

    a callable to the algorithm function.

  • config (ConfigType) –

    a config dataclass holding parameter values for the algorithm.

Methods:

  • embed –

    Validates the input, runs the embedding algorithm, and validates the output.

  • validate_input –

    Checks if the given data is compatible with the embedder.

  • validate_output –

    Checks if the resulting output is expected by the embedder.

Attributes:

  • algorithm (Callable) –

    Returns the callable to the embedding algorithm.

  • config (ConfigType) –

    Returns the config for the embedding algorithm.

  • info (str) –

    Prints info about the embedding algorithm.

Source code in qoolqit/embedding/base_embedder.py
def __init__(self, algorithm: Callable, config: ConfigType) -> None:
    """Default initializer for all embedders, taking an algorithm and a config.

    An algorithm should be a standalone function that takes a piece of data of an
    InDataType and maps it to an OutDataType. Any extra configuration parameters
    taken as input by the algorithm function should be defined in the config dataclass,
    inheriting from EmbedderConfig.

    Arguments:
        algorithm: a callable to the algorithm function.
        config: a config dataclass holding parameter values for the algorithm.
    """
    if not isinstance(config, EmbedderConfig):
        raise TypeError(
            "The config must be an instance of a dataclass inheriting from EmbedderConfig."
        )

    algo_signature = inspect.signature(algorithm)
    config_keys = set(config.dict().keys())
    algo_signature_keys = set(algo_signature.parameters.keys())
    if not config_keys <= algo_signature_keys:
        config_keys_str = "\n".join(f"\t- {key}" for key in config_keys)
        algo_keys_str = "\n".join(f"\t- {key}" for key in algo_signature_keys)
        raise TypeError(
            f"Config {config.__class__.__name__} is not compatible with the "
            + f"algorithm {algorithm.__name__}, as not all configuration fields "
            + "correspond to keyword arguments in the algorithm function.\n\n"
            + f"Config {config.__class__.__name__} keys:\n{config_keys_str}\n\n"
            + f"Algorithm signature parameters:\n{algo_keys_str}"
        )

    self._algorithm = algorithm
    self._config = config

algorithm property

algorithm: Callable

Returns the callable to the embedding algorithm.

config property

config: ConfigType

Returns the config for the embedding algorithm.

info property

info: str

Prints info about the embedding algorithm.

embed

embed(data: InDataType) -> OutDataType

Validates the input, runs the embedding algorithm, and validates the output.

Parameters:

  • data (InDataType) –

    the data to embed.

Source code in qoolqit/embedding/base_embedder.py
def embed(self, data: InDataType) -> OutDataType:
    """Validates the input, runs the embedding algorithm, and validates the output.

    Arguments:
        data: the data to embed.
    """
    self.validate_input(data)
    result: OutDataType = self.algorithm(data, **self.config.dict())
    self.validate_output(result)
    return result

validate_input abstractmethod

validate_input(data: InDataType) -> None

Checks if the given data is compatible with the embedder.

Each embedder should write its own data validator. If the data is not of the supported type or in the specific supported format for that embedder, an error should be raised.

Parameters:

  • data (InDataType) –

    the data to validate.

Raises:

  • TypeError –

    if the data is not of the supported type.

  • SomeError –

    some other error if other constraints are not met.

Source code in qoolqit/embedding/base_embedder.py
@abstractmethod
def validate_input(self, data: InDataType) -> None:
    """Checks if the given data is compatible with the embedder.

    Each embedder should write its own data validator. If the data
    is not of the supported type or in the specific supported format
    for that embedder, an error should be raised.

    Arguments:
        data: the data to validate.

    Raises:
        TypeError: if the data is not of the supported type.
        SomeError: some other error if other constraints are not met.
    """
    ...

validate_output abstractmethod

validate_output(result: OutDataType) -> None

Checks if the resulting output is expected by the embedder.

Each embedder should write its own output validator. If the result is not of the supported type or in the specific supported format for that embedder, an error should be raised.

Parameters:

  • result (OutDataType) –

    the output to validate.

Raises:

  • TypeError –

    if the output is not of the supported type.

  • SomeError –

    some other error if other constraints are not met.

Source code in qoolqit/embedding/base_embedder.py
@abstractmethod
def validate_output(self, result: OutDataType) -> None:
    """Checks if the resulting output is expected by the embedder.

    Each embedder should write its own output validator. If the result
    is not of the supported type or in the specific supported format
    for that embedder, an error should be raised.

    Arguments:
        result: the output to validate.

    Raises:
        TypeError: if the output is not of the supported type.
        SomeError: some other error if other constraints are not met.
    """
    ...

Blade

Blade(config: BladeConfig | None = None)

A matrix to graph embedder using the BLaDE algorithm.

Parameters:

  • config (BladeConfig, default: None ) –

    configuration object for the BLaDE algorithm.

Methods:

  • embed –

    Return a DataGraph with coordinates that embeds the input matrix.

Attributes:

  • algorithm (Callable) –

    Returns the callable to the embedding algorithm.

  • config (ConfigType) –

    Returns the config for the embedding algorithm.

  • info (str) –

    Prints info about the embedding algorithm.

Source code in qoolqit/embedding/matrix_embedder.py
def __init__(self, config: BladeConfig | None = None) -> None:
    """Inits Blade.

    Args:
        config (BladeConfig): configuration object for the BLaDE algorithm.
    """
    super().__init__(_blade, config=config or BladeConfig())

algorithm property

algorithm: Callable

Returns the callable to the embedding algorithm.

config property

config: ConfigType

Returns the config for the embedding algorithm.

info property

info: str

Prints info about the embedding algorithm.

embed

embed(data: ndarray) -> DataGraph

Return a DataGraph with coordinates that embeds the input matrix.

Validates the input, runs the embedding algorithm, and validates the output.

Parameters:

  • data (ndarray) –

    the matrix to embed into a DataGraph with coordinates.

Source code in qoolqit/embedding/matrix_embedder.py
def embed(self, data: np.ndarray) -> DataGraph:
    """Return a DataGraph with coordinates that embeds the input matrix.

    Validates the input, runs the embedding algorithm, and validates the output.

    Args:
        data (np.ndarray): the matrix to embed into a DataGraph with coordinates.
    """
    self.validate_input(data)
    positions = self.algorithm(data, **self.config.dict())
    graph = DataGraph.from_coordinates(positions.tolist())
    return graph

BladeConfig dataclass

BladeConfig(
    max_min_dist_ratio: float | None = None,
    dimensions: tuple[int, ...] = default_dimensions,
    starting_positions: ndarray | None = None,
    pca: bool = default_pca,
    steps_per_round: int = default_steps_per_round,
    compute_weight_relative_threshold: Callable[
        [float], float
    ] = default_compute_weight_relative_threshold,
    compute_max_distance_to_walk: Callable[
        [float, float], float | tuple[float, float, float]
    ] = default_compute_max_distance_to_walk,
    compute_regulation_cursor: Callable[
        [float], float
    ] = default_compute_regulation_cursor,
    compute_ratio_step_factors: Callable[
        [float], float
    ] = default_compute_ratio_step_factors,
    ratio_rerun: int = default_ratio_rerun,
    device: InitVar[Device | None] = None,
)

Configuration parameters to embed with BLaDE.

Methods:

  • __post_init__ –

    Post initialization of the BladeConfig dataclass.

  • dict –

    Returns the dataclass as a dictionary.

Attributes:

  • compute_max_distance_to_walk (Callable[[float, float], float | tuple[float, float, float]]) –

    Function that is called at each step.

  • compute_ratio_step_factors (Callable[[float], float]) –

    Function that is called at the boundaries of the rounds.

  • compute_regulation_cursor (Callable[[float], float]) –

    Function that is called at each step.

  • compute_weight_relative_threshold (Callable[[float], float]) –

    Function that is called at each step.

  • dimensions (tuple[int, ...]) –

    List of numbers of dimensions to explore one after the other.

  • max_min_dist_ratio (float | None) –

    If present, sets the maximum radial-to-pairwise distance ratio.

  • pca (bool) –

    Whether to apply Principal Component Analysis to prioritize dimensions to keep.

  • ratio_rerun (int) –

    Maximum number of retries when the distance ratio constraint is not met.

  • starting_positions (ndarray | None) –

    If provided, initial positions to start from.

  • steps_per_round (int) –

    Number of elementary steps to perform for each dimension transition.

compute_max_distance_to_walk class-attribute instance-attribute

compute_max_distance_to_walk: Callable[
    [float, float], float | tuple[float, float, float]
] = default_compute_max_distance_to_walk

Function that is called at each step.

It takes a float number between 0 and 1 that represents the progress on the steps, and takes another argument that is set to the current largest pairwise distance when max_min_dist_ratio is not enabled, otherwise, it is set to the maximum radial distance for the current step. It must return a float number that limits the distances nodes can move at one step (see update_positions to learn more).

compute_ratio_step_factors class-attribute instance-attribute

compute_ratio_step_factors: Callable[[float], float] = (
    default_compute_ratio_step_factors
)

Function that is called at the boundaries of the rounds.

It defines the target ratio to enforce during the evolution. It acts as a multiplying factor on the target ratio.

compute_regulation_cursor class-attribute instance-attribute

compute_regulation_cursor: Callable[[float], float] = (
    default_compute_regulation_cursor
)

Function that is called at each step.

It takes a float number between 0 and 1 that represents the progress on the steps. It must return a float number between 0 (no regulation) and 1 (full regulation) that uniformizes the ability for the forces to achieve their objectives at each step by changing priorities.

compute_weight_relative_threshold class-attribute instance-attribute

compute_weight_relative_threshold: Callable[
    [float], float
] = default_compute_weight_relative_threshold

Function that is called at each step.

It takes a float number between 0 and 1 that represents the progress on the steps. It must return a float number between 0 and 1 that gives a threshold determining which weights are significant (see update_positions to learn more).

dimensions class-attribute instance-attribute

dimensions: tuple[int, ...] = default_dimensions

List of numbers of dimensions to explore one after the other.

A list with one value is equivalent to a list containing twice the same value. For a 2D embedding, the last value should be 2. Increasing the number of intermediate dimensions can help to escape from local minima.

max_min_dist_ratio class-attribute instance-attribute

max_min_dist_ratio: float | None = None

If present, sets the maximum radial-to-pairwise distance ratio.

Bounds the ratio between the maximum radial distance and the minimum pairwise distances.

pca class-attribute instance-attribute

pca: bool = default_pca

Whether to apply Principal Component Analysis to prioritize dimensions to keep.

Applies when transitioning from a space to a space with fewer dimensions. It is disabled by default because it can raise an error when there are too many dimensions compared to the number of nodes.

ratio_rerun class-attribute instance-attribute

ratio_rerun: int = default_ratio_rerun

Maximum number of retries when the distance ratio constraint is not met.

Defines how many additional computation steps the algorithm performs, putting priority on satisfying the constraint.

starting_positions class-attribute instance-attribute

starting_positions: ndarray | None = None

If provided, initial positions to start from.

Otherwise, random positions will be generated. The number of dimensions of the starting positions must be lower than or equal to the first dimension to explore. If it is lower, it is added dimensions filled with random values.

steps_per_round class-attribute instance-attribute

steps_per_round: int = default_steps_per_round

Number of elementary steps to perform for each dimension transition.

At each step, move vectors are computed and applied on the nodes.

__post_init__

__post_init__(device: Device | None) -> None

Post initialization of the BladeConfig dataclass.

Set the max_min_dist_ratio argument of the blade_embedding algorithm based on the specification of the selected device.

Parameters:

  • device (Device) –

    the QoolQit device to use to set the maximum ratio between the maximum radial distance and the minimum pairwise distance between atoms.

Source code in qoolqit/embedding/algorithms/blade/blade.py
def __post_init__(self, device: Device | None) -> None:
    """Post initialization of the `BladeConfig` dataclass.

    Set the `max_min_dist_ratio` argument of the `blade_embedding` algorithm
    based on the specification of the selected device.

    Args:
        device (Device): the QoolQit device to use to set the maximum ratio between the maximum
            radial distance and the minimum pairwise distance between atoms.
    """
    if device:
        if self.max_min_dist_ratio:
            logger.warning(
                "`max_min_dist_ratio` and `device` attributes should not be set simultaneously."
            )
        min_distance = device._min_distance
        max_radial_distance = device._max_radial_distance
        if max_radial_distance and min_distance:
            self.max_min_dist_ratio = max_radial_distance / min_distance

dict

dict() -> dict

Returns the dataclass as a dictionary.

Source code in qoolqit/embedding/base_embedder.py
def dict(self) -> dict:
    """Returns the dataclass as a dictionary."""
    return asdict(self)

EmbedderConfig dataclass

EmbedderConfig()

Base dataclass for all embedding algorithm configurations.

Subclasses define parameters specific to their algorithms. Each config should define fields that directly translate to arguments in the respective embedding function it configures.

Methods:

  • dict –

    Returns the dataclass as a dictionary.

dict

dict() -> dict

Returns the dataclass as a dictionary.

Source code in qoolqit/embedding/base_embedder.py
def dict(self) -> dict:
    """Returns the dataclass as a dictionary."""
    return asdict(self)

GraphToGraphEmbedder

GraphToGraphEmbedder(
    algorithm: Callable, config: ConfigType
)

A family of embedders that map a graph to a graph.

Focused on unit-disk graph embedding, where the goal is to find a set of coordinates for a graph that has no coordinates, such that the final unit-disk edges matches the set of edges in the original graph.

A custom algorithm and configuration can be set at initialization.

An algorithm should be a standalone function that takes a piece of data of an InDataType and maps it to an OutDataType. Any extra configuration parameters taken as input by the algorithm function should be defined in the config dataclass, inheriting from EmbedderConfig.

Parameters:

  • algorithm (Callable) –

    a callable to the algorithm function.

  • config (ConfigType) –

    a config dataclass holding parameter values for the algorithm.

Methods:

  • embed –

    Validates the input, runs the embedding algorithm, and validates the output.

Attributes:

  • algorithm (Callable) –

    Returns the callable to the embedding algorithm.

  • config (ConfigType) –

    Returns the config for the embedding algorithm.

  • info (str) –

    Prints info about the embedding algorithm.

Source code in qoolqit/embedding/base_embedder.py
def __init__(self, algorithm: Callable, config: ConfigType) -> None:
    """Default initializer for all embedders, taking an algorithm and a config.

    An algorithm should be a standalone function that takes a piece of data of an
    InDataType and maps it to an OutDataType. Any extra configuration parameters
    taken as input by the algorithm function should be defined in the config dataclass,
    inheriting from EmbedderConfig.

    Arguments:
        algorithm: a callable to the algorithm function.
        config: a config dataclass holding parameter values for the algorithm.
    """
    if not isinstance(config, EmbedderConfig):
        raise TypeError(
            "The config must be an instance of a dataclass inheriting from EmbedderConfig."
        )

    algo_signature = inspect.signature(algorithm)
    config_keys = set(config.dict().keys())
    algo_signature_keys = set(algo_signature.parameters.keys())
    if not config_keys <= algo_signature_keys:
        config_keys_str = "\n".join(f"\t- {key}" for key in config_keys)
        algo_keys_str = "\n".join(f"\t- {key}" for key in algo_signature_keys)
        raise TypeError(
            f"Config {config.__class__.__name__} is not compatible with the "
            + f"algorithm {algorithm.__name__}, as not all configuration fields "
            + "correspond to keyword arguments in the algorithm function.\n\n"
            + f"Config {config.__class__.__name__} keys:\n{config_keys_str}\n\n"
            + f"Algorithm signature parameters:\n{algo_keys_str}"
        )

    self._algorithm = algorithm
    self._config = config

algorithm property

algorithm: Callable

Returns the callable to the embedding algorithm.

config property

config: ConfigType

Returns the config for the embedding algorithm.

info property

info: str

Prints info about the embedding algorithm.

embed

embed(data: InDataType) -> OutDataType

Validates the input, runs the embedding algorithm, and validates the output.

Parameters:

  • data (InDataType) –

    the data to embed.

Source code in qoolqit/embedding/base_embedder.py
def embed(self, data: InDataType) -> OutDataType:
    """Validates the input, runs the embedding algorithm, and validates the output.

    Arguments:
        data: the data to embed.
    """
    self.validate_input(data)
    result: OutDataType = self.algorithm(data, **self.config.dict())
    self.validate_output(result)
    return result

InteractionEmbedder

InteractionEmbedder()

A matrix to graph embedder using the interaction embedding algorithm.

Methods:

  • embed –

    Validates the input, runs the embedding algorithm, and validates the output.

Attributes:

  • algorithm (Callable) –

    Returns the callable to the embedding algorithm.

  • config (ConfigType) –

    Returns the config for the embedding algorithm.

  • info (str) –

    Prints info about the embedding algorithm.

Source code in qoolqit/embedding/matrix_embedder.py
def __init__(self) -> None:
    super().__init__(interaction_embedding, InteractionEmbedderConfig())

algorithm property

algorithm: Callable

Returns the callable to the embedding algorithm.

config property

config: ConfigType

Returns the config for the embedding algorithm.

info property

info: str

Prints info about the embedding algorithm.

embed

embed(data: InDataType) -> OutDataType

Validates the input, runs the embedding algorithm, and validates the output.

Parameters:

  • data (InDataType) –

    the data to embed.

Source code in qoolqit/embedding/base_embedder.py
def embed(self, data: InDataType) -> OutDataType:
    """Validates the input, runs the embedding algorithm, and validates the output.

    Arguments:
        data: the data to embed.
    """
    self.validate_input(data)
    result: OutDataType = self.algorithm(data, **self.config.dict())
    self.validate_output(result)
    return result

InteractionEmbedderConfig dataclass

InteractionEmbedderConfig(
    method: str = "Nelder-Mead",
    maxiter: int = 200000,
    tol: float = 1e-08,
    x0: ndarray | None = None,
)

Configuration parameters for the interaction embedding.

Methods:

  • dict –

    Returns the dataclass as a dictionary.

dict

dict() -> dict

Returns the dataclass as a dictionary.

Source code in qoolqit/embedding/base_embedder.py
def dict(self) -> dict:
    """Returns the dataclass as a dictionary."""
    return asdict(self)

MatrixToGraphEmbedder

MatrixToGraphEmbedder(
    algorithm: Callable, config: ConfigType
)

A family of embedders that map a matrix to a graph.

A custom algorithm and configuration can be set at initialization.

An algorithm should be a standalone function that takes a piece of data of an InDataType and maps it to an OutDataType. Any extra configuration parameters taken as input by the algorithm function should be defined in the config dataclass, inheriting from EmbedderConfig.

Parameters:

  • algorithm (Callable) –

    a callable to the algorithm function.

  • config (ConfigType) –

    a config dataclass holding parameter values for the algorithm.

Methods:

  • embed –

    Validates the input, runs the embedding algorithm, and validates the output.

Attributes:

  • algorithm (Callable) –

    Returns the callable to the embedding algorithm.

  • config (ConfigType) –

    Returns the config for the embedding algorithm.

  • info (str) –

    Prints info about the embedding algorithm.

Source code in qoolqit/embedding/base_embedder.py
def __init__(self, algorithm: Callable, config: ConfigType) -> None:
    """Default initializer for all embedders, taking an algorithm and a config.

    An algorithm should be a standalone function that takes a piece of data of an
    InDataType and maps it to an OutDataType. Any extra configuration parameters
    taken as input by the algorithm function should be defined in the config dataclass,
    inheriting from EmbedderConfig.

    Arguments:
        algorithm: a callable to the algorithm function.
        config: a config dataclass holding parameter values for the algorithm.
    """
    if not isinstance(config, EmbedderConfig):
        raise TypeError(
            "The config must be an instance of a dataclass inheriting from EmbedderConfig."
        )

    algo_signature = inspect.signature(algorithm)
    config_keys = set(config.dict().keys())
    algo_signature_keys = set(algo_signature.parameters.keys())
    if not config_keys <= algo_signature_keys:
        config_keys_str = "\n".join(f"\t- {key}" for key in config_keys)
        algo_keys_str = "\n".join(f"\t- {key}" for key in algo_signature_keys)
        raise TypeError(
            f"Config {config.__class__.__name__} is not compatible with the "
            + f"algorithm {algorithm.__name__}, as not all configuration fields "
            + "correspond to keyword arguments in the algorithm function.\n\n"
            + f"Config {config.__class__.__name__} keys:\n{config_keys_str}\n\n"
            + f"Algorithm signature parameters:\n{algo_keys_str}"
        )

    self._algorithm = algorithm
    self._config = config

algorithm property

algorithm: Callable

Returns the callable to the embedding algorithm.

config property

config: ConfigType

Returns the config for the embedding algorithm.

info property

info: str

Prints info about the embedding algorithm.

embed

embed(data: InDataType) -> OutDataType

Validates the input, runs the embedding algorithm, and validates the output.

Parameters:

  • data (InDataType) –

    the data to embed.

Source code in qoolqit/embedding/base_embedder.py
def embed(self, data: InDataType) -> OutDataType:
    """Validates the input, runs the embedding algorithm, and validates the output.

    Arguments:
        data: the data to embed.
    """
    self.validate_input(data)
    result: OutDataType = self.algorithm(data, **self.config.dict())
    self.validate_output(result)
    return result

SpringLayoutConfig dataclass

SpringLayoutConfig(
    iterations: int = 100,
    threshold: float = 0.0001,
    seed: int | None = None,
)

Configuration parameters for the spring-layout embedding.

Methods:

  • dict –

    Returns the dataclass as a dictionary.

dict

dict() -> dict

Returns the dataclass as a dictionary.

Source code in qoolqit/embedding/base_embedder.py
def dict(self) -> dict:
    """Returns the dataclass as a dictionary."""
    return asdict(self)

SpringLayoutEmbedder

SpringLayoutEmbedder(
    config: SpringLayoutConfig | None = None,
)

A graph to graph embedder using the spring layout algorithm.

Methods:

  • embed –

    Validates the input, runs the embedding algorithm, and validates the output.

Attributes:

  • algorithm (Callable) –

    Returns the callable to the embedding algorithm.

  • config (ConfigType) –

    Returns the config for the embedding algorithm.

  • info (str) –

    Prints info about the embedding algorithm.

Source code in qoolqit/embedding/graph_embedder.py
def __init__(self, config: SpringLayoutConfig | None = None) -> None:
    """Inits SpringLayoutEmbedder."""
    super().__init__(spring_layout_embedding, config=config or SpringLayoutConfig())

algorithm property

algorithm: Callable

Returns the callable to the embedding algorithm.

config property

config: ConfigType

Returns the config for the embedding algorithm.

info property

info: str

Prints info about the embedding algorithm.

embed

embed(data: InDataType) -> OutDataType

Validates the input, runs the embedding algorithm, and validates the output.

Parameters:

  • data (InDataType) –

    the data to embed.

Source code in qoolqit/embedding/base_embedder.py
def embed(self, data: InDataType) -> OutDataType:
    """Validates the input, runs the embedding algorithm, and validates the output.

    Arguments:
        data: the data to embed.
    """
    self.validate_input(data)
    result: OutDataType = self.algorithm(data, **self.config.dict())
    self.validate_output(result)
    return result